Ask an Alim

Wa Alaikum al-salam

Thanks for your question

About your first question and the reason for the prophet’s marriage with his adopted son’s wife, Quran mention’s this historical event in verse 37 of surah al-Ahzab “When you said to him whom Allah had blessed, and whom you [too] had blessed, ‘Retain your wife for yourself, and be wary of Allah,’ and you had hidden in your heart what Allah was to divulge, and you feared the people though Allah is worthier that you should fear Him, so when Zayd had got through with her, We wedded her to you, so that there may be no blame on the faithful in respect of the wives of their adopted sons, when the latter have got through with them, and Allah’s command is bound to be fulfilled.” so we can understand several things from this ayah:
1. This act (prophet’s sawa marriage with his adopted son’s wife) was commanded from Allah swt and wasn’t the prophet’s decision.
2. Allah swt wanted to change and subvert a pre Islamic tradition regarding adoption; pre islamic Arabs used to consider adobted children as their blood children, islam didnt accept this believe as we can see in verse 4 of this surah. in order to fully convince people, prophet sawa by order of Allah swt wedded his adopted son’s wife.

On the second question, Quran mentions that the Sun was drowned in hot water in verse 86 of surah al-Kahf “When he reached the place where the sun sets, he found it setting over a warm sea, and by it he found a people. We said, ‘O Dhul Qarnayn! You will either punish them, or treat them with kindness.’” So the Quran is NOT saying that the “Sun was drowned in hot water” but says he (Dhul Qarnayn) found sun like this, so the Quran is simply expressing his assumption.

About the third question first, Allah swt in 2:62 says “Indeed the faithful, the Jews, the Christians and the Sabaeans—those of them who have faith in Allah and the Last Day and act righteously—they shall have their reward from their Lord, and they will have no fear, nor will they grieve.” so according to Quran every non mulim will not end up in hell as long as they have faith in Allah and the day of judgment and act righteously. second according to multiple verses in Quran (like 97-77 of al-Nisa “…Except the oppressed among men, women and children, who have neither access to any means nor are guided to any way* Maybe Allah will excuse them, for Allah is all-excusing, all-forgiving” or 15 of al-Israa “…No bearer shall bear another’s burden. We do not punish [any community] until We have sent [it] an apostle”) Allah swt is not going to punish anybody without informing them so those people who doesn’t have any knowledge about Islam and the correct path will not go to hell.

May Allah swt guide all of us to the right path

Regards
Sheikh Mahdi Mosayyebi.